They are different in all aspects...base is wider on the a1
horns are mounted different and I am sure someone here will educate me and everyone else on the differences that I missed but they are different and will not interchange
The easiest way to tell M38 and M38A1 carbs apart is to look at the mounting base. On the M38, the mounting holes are perpendicular to the air horn or looking at the engine, the mounting holes are aligned with the block and intake manifold. On the M38A1, the holes are aligned with the air horn on the top of the carb and at right angle to the intake manifold.